additive effects造句

• Interaction effects the values of and the contribution rates of interaction effects are larger than that of additive effects under the combined test and under the test of single environment
  总体上，互作效应的效应值和贡献率超过了加性效应的效应值和贡献率，说明互作效应发挥着重要作用。
• Combining bronchodilators has been shown to be beneficial in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) . the additive effects of short - acting bronchodilators added to maintenance tiotropium therapy , however , are unknown
  联合支气管扩张剂用药治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ copd ）有益效果已知。然而，短效支气管扩张剂增强噻托溴铵治疗的累加效果还是未知。
• Mixing experiments with ngf and c . chinensis extract revealed an additive effect on neuritogenesis when low dose of both agents were used . whereas saturating dose ngf were used , there was no distinct additive effect
  在低剂量的ngf和菟丝子提取物存在条件下，菟丝子提取物能明显地增加ngf诱导的pc12细胞分化；但是，在高浓度的ngf存在下这种增强作用并不明显。
• The methods proposed by wang et al ( 1999 ) could analyze additive effects , additive by additive epistatic effects and their interaction with environments , but could not estimate dominance effects and epistatic effects related to dominance
  Wang等( 1999 )的方法能够分析加性效应、加加上位性效应及共与环境的互作效应，但无法估计显性以及与显性有关的上位性效应。
• Kt induced a slightly increase of cotyledon area in darkness and apparent enlargement was obtained under light especially wl , bl and rl . either light or kt could induced cotyledon enlargement and they showed independent and additive effect on the response
  分析红光和蓝光与kt在促进子叶扩大中的作用，发现光与kt独立地调节子叶扩大反应，二者主要表现为加性效应。
• The mechanism of znddp additive effect on friction performance was disclosed . ( 5 ) the principle of cvt hydraulic control is studied . a cvt test box , cvt ratio control hydraulic pump station and electric control system based on personal computer ( pc ) were developped
  ( 5 )研究了cvt的液压系统控制原理，研制了cvt的实验变速箱、 cvt变速控制的液压泵站和基于pc机的电控系统，搭建了cvt传动性能实验台，为cvt传动的基础性研究奠定了基础。
• The results oft - test indicated that few genetic main effects of qtls found were significant , among which additive by additive epistatic effects and additive effects were most significant for qtls controlling heading date , additive effects were most significant for qtls controlling kilo - grain weight
  T测验的结果表明，鉴别出的qtl中，遗传主效应达到显著的不多，其中抽穗期的qtl以加加上位性效应和加性效应最为显著，千粒重以加性效应最为显著。
• Using the test of single environmen , 38 qtls of additive effects distributing on 16 chromosomes were obtained . the range of contribution rate in different single qtl is 5 . 08 - 19 . 89 % ; 52 interaction effects distributing on 17 chromosomes were obtained . the range of contribution rate in different single interaction effect is 4 . 51 - 57 . 14 % , with contribution rate of 57 . 14 % of interaction effect between locus 3d - 1 and locus 7b - 1 in environment 4
  在不同环境分别进行分析下，检测到9个性状的38个次加性效应qtls ，分别位于16条染色体，单个qtls贡献率变化范围为5 . 08 19 . 89 ；检测到9个性状的52对次qtls互作效应，位于17条染色体，单个互作效应的贡献率变化范围为2李斯深：小麦产量性状qth的分子标记定位4
• Combination of additive effects and interaction effects can account for over 50 % of genotypic variation in spikelet number per spike ( sns ) and spike number per 50cm row ( snr ) , and over 40 % in fertile spikelet number per spike ( fsns ) , 1000 grain weight ( kgw ) and ear length ( el ) , over 30 % in plant height ( ph ) , over 20 % in sterile spikelet number per spike ( ssns ) and less than 10 % in grain weight per 50cm row ( gwr ) and grain number per spike ( gns )
  加性效应和互作效应联合起来，可以解释群体总小穗数和50cm行长穗数变异的50以上，结实小穗数、千粒重和穗长变异的40以上，株高的30以上，不孕小穗数的20以上，而只能解释50cm行长粒重和穗粒数变异的10以下。
• Genetic models were constructed for qtl mapping by two - dimensional searching . corresponding analysis methods were also proposed , which could estimate additive effects , dominance effects , epistatic effects of additive by additive , additive by dominance , dominance by additive , dominance by dominance , and could predict their interaction effects with environments
  构建了可以估汁加性效应、显性效应、加加、加显、显加、显显上位性效应以及预测这些效应与环境互作效应的qtl定位两维搜索遗传模型，提出了相应的分析方法。
• It was shown that in short - season cotton , the seven traits relating to early maturity all presented dominating additive effect while displaying dominance effects , and epistatic effects from sowing to budding , from sowing to flowering and from budding to flowering ; the early maturity traits significantly interacted with the environments
  结果表明：短季棉7个早熟相关性状的遗传均以加性效应为主，同时存在着显性效应，对于播种现蕾、播种开花和现蕾开花还存在着上位性效应；短季棉各早熟性状的遗传效应与环境互作显著。
• The combination of meja and fc did not show significant additive effect on enzyme activity . 3 . phosphorylation and dephosphorlation of pm h ^ - atpase after treatments of meja and fc 1 ) in vitro , phosphatase inhibitors , okadaic acid and cantharidin , enhanced meja - induced increase of the enzyme activity to 60 % and 50 % , respectively
  Tllrase过程中可能发生的磷酸化和去磷酸化作用1 ）磷酸酶抑制剂斑螫素、岗田酸可以增强meja对酶的刺激作用，岗田酸的效应较强，而斑鳌素的作用略弱，增幅分别为60和50左右。
• ( 4 ) the results of qtl mapping indicated that the inheritance of yield traits was very complex , the explanation as follows : additive effects except for sterile spikelet number per spike ( ssns ) , qtls of additive effects were tested for all other traits , with 10 qtls for 1000 grain weight ( kgw ) . the large variance of the effect values and the contribution rate of qtls indicated that the effects are difference for different qtls
  14 。 （ 4 ）通过对产量性状qtls作图，发现产量性状的遗传非常复杂，可以从4个方面说明：加性效应除不孕小穗数外，各性状均检测到了表现加性效应的qtls 。其中，在各环境联合分析下，检测到了10个千粒重qtls ，各qtls的加性效应值和对群体变异的贡献率也存在很大差异，说明不同的qtls不是等效的。
• Abstract : in this paper , triple test cross design was used in studing the resistance of soybean to 10 physiological race of cercospora sojina haraby inoculation . results o analysis of gene effects of resistance indicated that additive effect is significant in all the three crosses , dominant effect exsists only in the cross 1 and epistatic effect remains in the cross 2 and cross 3
  摘要本实验利用三点测交分析的方法,对3个组合在人工接种大豆灰斑病菌的条件下的抗性表现进行基因效应分析,各组合均存在加性,组合1存在显性,组合2 、 3存在上位性。
• Qtl mapping for the 9 yield traits was carried out using qtlmapper version 1 . 0 . the main results are as follows : using the combined test of the four environments , 39 qtls of additive effects distributing on 14 chromosomes were detected . the range of general contribution rate of additive effect qtls for different traits is 1 . 83 ~ 27 . 24 % , and the range of contribution rate of different single qtl is 1 . 06 - 8 . 93 %
  利用qtlmapperversion1 . 0作图软件进行了产量性状的qtls作图，主要结果如下：在各环境联合分析下，共检测到9个性状的39个加性效应qtls ，涉及14条染色体，各个性状的总贡献率变化范围为1 . 83 27 . 24 ，单个qtl贡献率变化范围为1 . 06 8 . 93 ；共检测到9个性状的41对qtls互作位点，涉及用于分析的全部18条染色体，各个性状的总贡献率变化范围为1 . 26 36 . 15 ，单今互作效应的贡献率变化范围为1 . 20 13 . 30 。
• Monte carlo simulations were conducted to study the new approaches of qtl mapping , the results indicated that general least squares ( gls ) method , which was widely applied in mixed linear model , could unbiasedly estimate all genetic main effects , including additive effects , dominance effects and epistatic effects of additive by additive , additive by dominance , dominance by additive , dominance by dominance . the interaction effects between genetic main effects and environments could also be predicted unbiasedly by linear unbiased prediction ( lup ) . the heterosis prediction based on qtl effects was also unbiased
  对新提出的qtl分析方法进行了montecarlo模拟研究，结果表明，广泛应用于混合线性模型的广义最小二乘法( gls )能够无偏估计加性效应，显性效应以及加加、加显、显加、显显上位性效应等各项遗传主效应；运用线性无偏预测法( lup )能够无偏预测上述各项遗传主效应与环境的互作效应；基于qtl效应的杂种优势预测也是无偏的。